Tatár M, Pécová R, Karcolová D
Ustav patologickej fyziológie Jeseniovej lekárskej fakulty Univerzity Komenského v Martine, Slovakia.
Bratisl Lek Listy. 1997 Oct;98(10):539-43.
Medical literature provides heterogeneous author's opinions concerning the application of various laboratory animals to cough research. Therefore the cough response to chemical stimuli was compared in awake guinea-pigs, rats and rabbits.
15 adult guinea-pigs (TRIK strain) of mean body weight 435 +/- 35 g, 28 adult rats (WISTAR strain) of mean body weight 400 +/- 30 g, and 18 rabbits of mean body weight 3.2 +/- 0.3 kg were used. Awake animals were inhaling the aerosols of both citric acid and capsaicin. Animals were placed in a bodyplethysmographic box and two procedures of chemical stimulation were used: 3-5 minutes lasting inhalation of overthreshold concentration of tussive agents, and the second procedure resided in an exposure to a dose-response study with doubled concentrations of citric acid. The cough was analysed on the basis of air-flow changes measured by pneumotachograph. The effect of mechanical stimulation of airway musosa was studied in 13 rats anaesthetised by urethane (1 g/kg b.w., i.p.). The cough was then analysed on the basis of changes in pleural pressure measured by electromanometer using pleural cannula.
All awake guinea-pigs were coughing during the exposure to both citric acid and capsaicin, too. Citric acid was potent to elicit cough in 42.9% of awake rats and capsaicin only in 28.6% of them. 61.1% of rabbits expossed to citric acid were coughing. Capsaicin was ineffective to produce cough in rabbits. The highest intensity of cough was in guinea-pigs. Guinea-pigs were the species reacting most intensively to citric acid dose-response exposure. The intensity of cough was not correlated with the concentration of citric acid in awake rats and rabbits. Mechanically induced cough was present in 53.8% of exposed rats under light urethane anaesthesia.
医学文献中关于各种实验动物在咳嗽研究中的应用存在不同作者观点。因此，对清醒状态下的豚鼠、大鼠和兔子对化学刺激的咳嗽反应进行了比较。
使用15只平均体重435±35克的成年豚鼠（TRIK品系）、28只平均体重400±30克的成年大鼠（WISTAR品系）和18只平均体重3.2±0.3千克的兔子。清醒动物吸入柠檬酸和辣椒素气雾剂。将动物置于体容积描记箱中，并采用两种化学刺激程序：持续3 - 5分钟吸入阈上浓度的镇咳剂，第二种程序是进行柠檬酸浓度加倍的剂量反应研究。根据呼吸流速仪测量的气流变化分析咳嗽情况。在13只经乌拉坦（1克/千克体重，腹腔注射）麻醉的大鼠中研究气道黏膜机械刺激的作用。然后根据使用胸膜套管通过压力计测量的胸膜压力变化分析咳嗽情况。
所有清醒豚鼠在接触柠檬酸和辣椒素时也都会咳嗽。柠檬酸能使42.9%的清醒大鼠引发咳嗽，而辣椒素仅能使28.6%的清醒大鼠引发咳嗽。61.1%接触柠檬酸的兔子会咳嗽。辣椒素对兔子无效，不会引发咳嗽。咳嗽强度最高的是豚鼠。豚鼠是对柠檬酸剂量反应暴露反应最强烈的物种。清醒大鼠和兔子的咳嗽强度与柠檬酸浓度无关。在轻度乌拉坦麻醉下，53.8%的暴露大鼠会出现机械性诱导咳嗽。
