Abarca K, Vial P A, Zamorano J, Paris C, Ferrés M, Villarroel L, Ferreccio C
Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 1997 May;125(5):531-8.
Infections by Cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii are endemic in Chile and only a low proportion of infected individuals have clinical manifestations.
To study the prevalence of infection by Cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii in Chile.
The prevalence of IgG antibodies against Cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii were studied in 560 subjects under 30 years old, using an ELISA technique. Age, socioeconomic level, breast feeding, assistance to nurseries and number of family members were considered as risk factors for these infections.
Infection by Cytomegalovirus had a global prevalence of 60%. It showed an epidemiological pattern of late acquisition in high socioeconomic levels and a pattern of early infection in medium and low socioeconomic levels. Eighty to 90% of sera were positive for the infection in adult subjects of the three socioeconomic levels. There was a positive correlation between the duration of breast feeding and the frequency of Cytomegalovirus infection. Infection by Toxoplasma gondii had a global prevalence of 24.6%. The rates of susceptible individuals were 80 and 50% in high and medium-low socioeconomic levels respectively.
The knowledge about the frequency of these infections in high risk populations such as women during their reproductive years and immunodepressed individuals, will allow the implementation of preventive measures.
巨细胞病毒和弓形虫感染在智利呈地方性流行，只有一小部分感染者有临床表现。
研究智利巨细胞病毒和弓形虫的感染率。
采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术，对560名30岁以下的受试者进行巨细胞病毒和弓形虫IgG抗体感染率的研究。将年龄、社会经济水平、母乳喂养、入托情况和家庭成员数量视为这些感染的危险因素。
巨细胞病毒感染的总体感染率为60%。在高社会经济水平人群中呈现晚发感染的流行病学模式，在中低社会经济水平人群中呈现早发感染模式。三个社会经济水平的成年受试者中，80%至90%的血清感染检测呈阳性。母乳喂养时间与巨细胞病毒感染频率之间存在正相关。弓形虫感染的总体感染率为24.6%。高社会经济水平和中低社会经济水平人群中易感个体的比例分别为80%和50%。
了解育龄妇女和免疫功能低下个体等高危人群中这些感染的频率，将有助于实施预防措施。
