Ashorn M
Kliniken för barnsjukdomar, Tammerfors universitetssjukhus, Tammerfors universitet.
Nord Med. 1998 Feb;113(2):43-5, 59.
Next to headache recurrent gastro-intestinal complaints constitute the most common reason for medical consultation among daycare and school children. The use of more sophisticated examination methods has shown that in up to 50 per cent of cases the cause of the gastric complaints is a treatable disease or a functional anomaly of the gastro-intestinal tract. The commonest conditions are lactose intolerance, gluten sensitivity, gastro-oesophageal reflux, and gastritis. In some cases stomach pain is triggered by psychosomatic mechanisms. Depending upon the child's age, aetiological indications can sometimes be derived from history taking. In many cases the investigations can be made in the out-patient clinic. The cornerstones of treatment are various kinds of dietary elimination regimens, prokinetic agents, and antibiotics. Recently, the investigation of neuroendocrinological and neurophysiological processes related to psychosomatic causes of gastric complaints has once again become common.
除头痛外,反复出现的胃肠道不适是日托儿童和学童就医最常见的原因。采用更先进的检查方法发现,高达50% 的胃部不适病例中,病因是可治疗的疾病或胃肠道功能异常。最常见的情况是乳糖不耐受、麸质敏感、胃食管反流和胃炎。在某些情况下,胃痛是由心身机制引发的。根据孩子的年龄,有时可以从病史采集中得出病因线索。在许多情况下,检查可以在门诊进行。治疗的基石是各种饮食排除方案、促动力剂和抗生素。最近,对与胃部不适的心身原因相关的神经内分泌和神经生理过程的研究再次变得普遍。