Marín-Padilla M
Dept of Pathology and Pediatrics, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 1998 Feb;21(2):64-71. doi: 10.1016/s0166-2236(97)01164-8.
The dual origin, structural organization, and evolving ascending stratification of the mammalian neocortex are explored from a developmental perspective. Layer I and subplate (layer VII) zone of the neocortex evolve first from a primordial plexiform neuropil that is established throughout the non-olfactory telencephalon and that is common to amphibians, reptiles and mammals. The remaining laminations (strata) of the neocortex evolve later, between layer I and the subplate zone, from the cortical plate (CP), which represents a multilayered mammalian evolutionary feature. The attraction of CP neurons towards layer I, their progressive ascending (inside-out) placement, common early differentiation stage (regardless of size, location, cortical depth, or eventual functional role, or all of these), and the unique morphologic features of its pyramidal neuron are developmental processes controlled by layer I and its Cajal-Retzius cells. Based on the role of these early neurons and of layer I, a new theory of neocortical cytoarchitectonics and nomenclature is proposed to explain the basic structural and functional organization of the mammalian neocortex, the morphology of its pyramidal cells, and the addition of new pyramidal cell strata that characterize its phylogenetic evolution.
本文从发育角度探讨了哺乳动物新皮层的双重起源、结构组织及其不断演变的上升分层。新皮层的第I层和亚板层（第VII层）首先从原始丛状神经毡演化而来，该神经毡在整个非嗅觉端脑中形成，是两栖动物、爬行动物和哺乳动物共有的。新皮层的其余分层（层）后来在第I层和亚板层之间，从皮质板（CP）演化而来，皮质板代表了一种多层的哺乳动物进化特征。CP神经元向第I层的吸引、它们逐渐向上（由内向外）的定位、共同的早期分化阶段（无论大小、位置、皮质深度或最终功能作用，或所有这些因素）以及其锥体神经元独特的形态特征，都是由第I层及其 Cajal-Retzius 细胞控制的发育过程。基于这些早期神经元和第I层的作用，提出了一种新的新皮层细胞构筑学理论和命名法，以解释哺乳动物新皮层的基本结构和功能组织、其锥体细胞的形态以及表征其系统发育进化的新锥体细胞层的增加。
