Dourmad J Y, Noblet J, Etienne M
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, St-Gilles, France.
J Anim Sci. 1998 Feb;76(2):542-50. doi: 10.2527/1998.762542x.
Using 73 Large White gilts, we studied the lysine requirement during lactation. Sow and pig performance and nitrogen balance of sows were measured during the total 21-d lactation period. Variation in body composition of sows between farrowing and weaning was determined by the comparative slaughter technique. Two levels of crude protein (15.5 and 17.1%) were combined with two levels of L-lysine HCl supplementation (0 and .16%), resulting in four diets termed P1L1, P1L2, P2L2, and P2L3, containing .66, .77, .77, and .87% crude lysine, and 15.5, 15.5, 17.1, and 17.1% crude protein, respectively. Sows' feed intake, litter growth rate, and milk energy and protein output were not affected by the diet. Nitrogen balance over the total lactation increased (P < .001) with an increase in lysine and(or) protein (-11.7, -7.0, -3.4, and .4 g N/d for P1L1, P1L2, P2L2, and P2L3 diets, respectively). The losses of body weight and muscle weight were higher in P1L1 gilts (P < .01 and .05, respectively) than in gilts on other treatments, whereas the loss of adipose tissue and backfat was similar for the four groups. Multiple linear relationships between lysine intake and milk nitrogen output as predictors and nitrogen balance (N balance = -15.8 + 1.22 lysine - .63 N milk, R2 = .89) or variation of muscle weight (Vm = -477 + 30.1 lysine - 14.7 N milk, R2 = .70) as predicted values were calculated to estimate lysine requirement according to production performance of sows. Calculations show that for achieving a zero protein balance, 45 to 55 g/d of crude lysine are required for normal to high-yielding sows, respectively.
我们选用73头大白母猪来研究其泌乳期的赖氨酸需求量。在整个21天的泌乳期内，对母猪及其仔猪的生产性能以及母猪的氮平衡进行了测定。采用比较屠宰技术测定母猪从分娩到断奶期间身体组成的变化。将两种粗蛋白水平（15.5%和17.1%）与两种L-盐酸赖氨酸添加水平（0和0.16%）相结合，得到四种日粮，分别称为P1L1、P1L2、P2L2和P2L3，其粗赖氨酸含量分别为0.66%、0.77%、0.77%和0.87%，粗蛋白含量分别为15.5%、15.5%、17.1%和17.1%。日粮对母猪的采食量、仔猪生长速度以及乳汁能量和蛋白质产出均无影响。随着赖氨酸和（或）蛋白质水平的提高（P1L1、P1L2、P2L2和P2L3日粮的氮平衡分别为-11.7、-7.0、-3.4和0.4 g N/d），整个泌乳期的氮平衡增加（P < 0.001）。P1L1组母猪的体重和肌肉重量损失高于其他处理组的母猪（分别为P < 0.01和P < 0.05），而四组母猪的脂肪组织和背膘损失相似。根据母猪的生产性能，计算了赖氨酸摄入量和乳汁氮产出作为预测指标与氮平衡（氮平衡=-15.8 + 1.22赖氨酸 - 0.63乳汁氮，R2 = 0.89）或肌肉重量变化（Vm=-477 + 30.1赖氨酸 - 14.7乳汁氮）之间的多重线性关系，以估计赖氨酸需求量。计算结果表明，为实现零蛋白质平衡，正常高产母猪分别需要45至55 g/d的粗赖氨酸。
