Linaker O M, Nøttestad J A
Psykiatrisk Institutt, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Lade.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1998 Jan 30;118(3):357-61.
Reform of the health services in Norway for the mentally retarded led to a complete closure of all institutions for mentally retarded persons by the end of 1996. All 109 of the mentally retarded persons in the county of Sør-Trøndelag who were previously institutionalized were observed throughout this process, in 1987 and 1995. Both physical handicaps and psychiatric/behavioural problems had worsened. The carers' knowledge of their clients' physical health was inadequate in more than half (55%) of the cases. Medical treatment needed improving in 36% of the cases, while it was clearly deficient in 9%. There had been a reduction in the use of general medical services, as well as in the specialised services of psychologists, psychiatrists and neurologists. The organisation of services for this group of clients is in need of improvement.
挪威针对智障人士的医疗服务改革致使所有智障人士机构在1996年底完全关闭。在此过程中，对南特伦德拉格郡先前被收容在机构中的所有109名智障人士于1987年和1995年进行了全程观察。身体残疾以及精神/行为问题均有所恶化。在超过半数（55%）的案例中，护理人员对其服务对象身体健康状况的了解不足。36%的案例中医疗救治需要改进，而9%的案例中医疗救治明显不足。普通医疗服务以及心理学家、精神科医生和神经科医生的专科服务的使用均有所减少。为这一服务对象群体提供服务的组织架构需要改进。
