Neumark Y D, Friedlander Y, Thomasson H R, Li T K
Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
J Stud Alcohol. 1998 Mar;59(2):133-9. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1998.59.133.
This study provides preliminary evidence on the associations between alcohol consumption patterns and polymorphisms of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymes in a Jewish population.
Two groups of Jewish men were studied--one group (n = 92) representative of the free-living population of Jerusalem and generally light consumers of ethanol and the other group (n = 53) composed of treatment-enrolled heroin dependent individuals in the same city, most with a history of heavy daily drinking. All participants were interviewed regarding sociodemographic background, present and past alcohol consumption patterns, and familial characteristics including alcohol problems among first-degree relatives. Polymorphisms of the ADH2, ADH3 and ALDH loci were determined for all participants.
The less common allele of the ADH2 locus (ADH22 allele frequency approximately 20% in Ashkenazic and non-Ashkenazic members of both groups) was related to a reduced mean level of peak weekly alcohol intake in the two groups. In multiple regression models adjusting for family history of alcohol problems and other factors, the ADH22 allele accounted for 20% and 30% of the explained alcohol intake variance in these two groups, respectively. Results from a logistic regression indicated that the ADH2*2 allele was also related to infrequent drinking in both groups. Evidence for an independent association between the ADH3 polymorphism and alcohol consumption patterns was not found. The ALDH gene was not polymorphic in this population.
This report describes for the first time an association between alcohol consumption patterns and a polymorphism at the ADH2 locus in a Jewish population. The relatively high frequency of the ADH2*2 allele may contribute to the seemingly lower levels of alcohol consumption and heightened sensitivity to alcohol observed among Jews.
本研究为犹太人群中饮酒模式与酒精脱氢酶（ADH）和乙醛脱氢酶（ALDH）多态性之间的关联提供了初步证据。
对两组犹太男性进行了研究——一组（n = 92）代表耶路撒冷自由生活人群，通常为轻度乙醇消费者；另一组（n = 53）由该市接受治疗的海洛因依赖个体组成，大多数人有每日大量饮酒史。就社会人口统计学背景、当前和过去的饮酒模式以及家族特征（包括一级亲属中的酒精问题）对所有参与者进行了访谈。确定了所有参与者的ADH2、ADH3和ALDH基因座的多态性。
ADH2基因座较不常见的等位基因（两组的阿什肯纳兹族和非阿什肯纳兹族成员中ADH22等位基因频率约为20%）与两组每周酒精摄入量峰值的平均水平降低有关。在针对酒精问题家族史和其他因素进行调整的多元回归模型中，ADH22等位基因分别占这两组酒精摄入量变异解释量的20%和30%。逻辑回归结果表明，ADH2*2等位基因在两组中也与不频繁饮酒有关。未发现ADH3多态性与饮酒模式之间存在独立关联的证据。该人群中ALDH基因无多态性。
本报告首次描述了犹太人群中饮酒模式与ADH2基因座多态性之间的关联。ADH2*2等位基因的相对高频率可能导致犹太人中看似较低的酒精消费水平以及对酒精的更高敏感性。
