[Cell grafts: current and perspectives. I. Hematopoietic stem cell graft].

When allogeneic stem cells transplantations are still considered as high risk therapies concerning few people, at present autologous stem cells transplantations take place in many therapeutic protocols of many malignant diseases even if clinical evaluation is not always really performed. Challenges in a close future consist in the decrease of the incidence of complications (of the immunological type essentially) of allogenic transplants without reducing the "graft versus leukemia effect", and the decrease of the risk of relapses after autologous transplantations.