Feinstein R A, Lampkin A, Lorish C D, Klerman L V, Maisiak R, Oh M K
Division of General Pediatrics/Adolescent Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 1998 Mar;22(3):190-6. doi: 10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00169-9.
To examine the medical status and history of health care utilization of adolescents at the time of their admission to a juvenile detention facility.
Data were collected over an 18-month period on all detainees admitted for the first time to a juvenile detention facility in a major southeastern city in the United States. Information was gathered through a private, confidential interview completed by a medical social worker and a physical examination by a physician. Information was obtained regarding past medical history, complaints at the time of admission, health care utilization, and physical examination.
Approximately 10% of teenagers admitted to a detention facility have a significant medical problem (excluding drug/alcohol abuse, or uncomplicated sexually transmitted diseases) that requires medical follow-up. The majority of these conditions were known to the adolescent at the time of admission. Only a third of adolescents admitted to the detention facility reported a regular source of medical care, and only about 20% reported having a private physician. A majority of all the detainees had already fallen behind in or dropped out of school. More than half of the families of the adolescents with a medical problem appeared to be unable or unwilling to assist in ensuring proper medical follow-up.
A significant percentage of adolescents entering a detention facility have a medical problem requiring health care services. Detention facilities offer an opportunity to deliver and coordinate medical care to high-risk adolescents. Programs linking public and private health care providers with the correctional care system may provide juveniles with an acceptable option for obtaining needed health care services.
调查青少年进入少年拘留所时的医疗状况及医疗保健利用史。
在美国东南部一个主要城市，对首次进入少年拘留所的所有被拘留者进行了为期18个月的数据收集。信息通过医疗社会工作者完成的私密、保密访谈以及医生的体格检查来收集。获取了有关既往病史、入院时的主诉、医疗保健利用情况及体格检查的信息。
进入拘留所的青少年中约10%有严重医疗问题（不包括药物/酒精滥用或无并发症的性传播疾病），需要进行医学随访。这些情况大多数在青少年入院时就已为人所知。进入拘留所的青少年中只有三分之一报告有固定的医疗保健来源，只有约20%报告有私人医生。所有被拘留者中的大多数已经在学业上落后或辍学。有医疗问题的青少年中，超过一半的家庭似乎无法或不愿意协助确保进行适当的医学随访。
进入拘留所的青少年中有相当比例存在需要医疗保健服务的医疗问题。拘留所为向高危青少年提供和协调医疗保健提供了机会。将公共和私人医疗保健提供者与惩教医疗系统联系起来的项目可能为青少年提供获得所需医疗保健服务的可接受选择。
