通过互联网进行腹腔镜手术的实时互动直播。

Live interactive broadcast of laparoscopic surgery via the Internet.

作者信息

Gandsas A, Altrudi R, Pleatman M, Silva Y

机构信息

Department of Surgery, North Oakland Medical Centers, 461 West Huron Street, Pontiac, MI 48341, USA.

出版信息

Surg Endosc. 1998 Mar;12(3):252-5. doi: 10.1007/s004649900645.

DOI:10.1007/s004649900645

PMID:9502706

Abstract

BACKGROUND

For the first time in the history of communications, we conducted live interactive broadcasts through the Internet (on August 29, and September 3, 1996).

METHODS

Successful transmissions were performed from Pontiac, Michigan, to Laguna Hills, California, and Buenos Aires, Argentina, and participants actively interacted in audio and video formats in real time.

RESULTS

Video images were transmitted at a rate of 1-2 frame/s and displayed in a 320 x 240 window at the remote sites. The loss of audio packets averaged 17% with a delay of 0.5-2 s. The broadcasting computer station was also able to receive real-time video and sound from the distant computers, allowing complete interaction between both parties over the duration of each transmission session. Average broadcast time was 1. 5 h +/- 30 min, and the cost of each transmission was equal to that of a regular local phone call.

CONCLUSIONS

Videoconferencing via the Internet is a viable method for transmitting information in real time allowing surgeons worldwide to work together during surgical procedures.

摘要

背景

在通信史上，我们首次通过互联网进行了现场互动直播（1996年8月29日和9月3日）。

方法

成功地从密歇根州庞蒂亚克市向加利福尼亚州拉古纳希尔斯市以及阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯市进行了传输，参与者以音频和视频格式实时积极互动。

结果

视频图像以每秒1 - 2帧的速率传输，并在远程站点的320×240窗口中显示。音频数据包的丢失平均为17%，延迟为0.5 - 2秒。广播计算机站还能够接收来自远程计算机的实时视频和声音，使得双方在每次传输会话期间能够进行完全互动。平均广播时间为1.5小时±30分钟，每次传输的成本与普通本地电话通话成本相当。