Central nervous system metastases.

OBJECTIVES

To provide an overview and up-to-date information on the presentation and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) metastases, including brain metastases, spinal cord compression, and leptomeningeal metastases.

DATA SOURCES

Published articles, research reports, and book chapters pertaining to CNS metastases.

CONCLUSIONS

Most patients with CNS metastases have a limited life expectancy. Therapies are palliative, except in select patients who have improved chances for long-term control or occasional cures. In general, early detection and treatment of CNS metastases prevents devastating neurological disabilities.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE

Nurses across all health care settings can play an important role in early recognition of signs and symptoms of CNS metastases, and assist patients and families in preventing devastating neurological disabilities. Nurses are also frontline care providers for patients requiring various treatments and rehabilitation for metastatic CNS disease.