McCarron D A, Oparil S, Resnick L M, Chait A, Haynes R B, Kris-Etherton P, Pi-Sunyer F X, Stern J S, Morris C D, Clark S, Hatton D C, Metz J A, McMahon M, Holcomb S, Snyder G W
Department of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201, USA.
Am J Hypertens. 1998 Jan;11(1 Pt 1):31-40. doi: 10.1016/s0895-7061(97)00470-6.
Increased arterial pressure is known to be influenced by a variety of nutrients. Compliance with dietary recommendations for risk reduction is often limited by the complexity of their implementation. In addition, how improvements in total diet, rather than single nutrients, influence concomitant cardiovascular risk factors has not been thoroughly explored. We assessed the effects of a nutritionally complete prepared meal program, the Campbell's Center for Nutrition and Wellness plan (CCNW), compared with dietary therapy in which participants received a structured nutritional assessment and prescription and selected their own foods, in 101 women and men with mild-to-moderate hypertension. Outcome measures included blood pressure (BP), lipids and lipoproteins, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, homocysteine, nutrient intake, compliance, and quality of life. Both dietary interventions significantly lowered BP (P < .0001), while simultaneously improving the overall cardiovascular risk profile. Significantly greater benefits were observed with the CCNW plan as compared with the participant selected diet in cholesterol and LDL levels (both P < .0001), LDL:HDL (P < .001), HbA1c (P < .05), homocysteine (P < .001), total nutrient intake (P < .0001), compliance (P < .0001), and quality of life (P < .001). This study demonstrates that improving the total diet to include the full array of recommended dietary guidelines, rather than focusing on single nutrients, has significant benefits for the cardiovascular risk profile of hypertensive persons beyond BP control. Compared with typical dietary therapy, the comprehensive CCNW meal plan has significantly greater effects on multiple cardiovascular risk factors while yielding greater compliance and improved quality of life.
已知动脉压升高受多种营养素影响。遵循降低风险的饮食建议往往因实施过程复杂而受限。此外，整体饮食的改善而非单一营养素如何影响心血管伴随危险因素尚未得到充分探究。我们评估了一项营养全面的预制餐计划——坎贝尔营养与健康中心计划（CCNW）的效果，并将其与饮食疗法进行比较。在饮食疗法中，参与者接受结构化营养评估和处方，然后自行选择食物。研究对象为101名轻至中度高血压的男性和女性。观察指标包括血压（BP）、脂质和脂蛋白、血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、胰岛素、同型半胱氨酸、营养素摄入量、依从性和生活质量。两种饮食干预均显著降低了血压（P < .0001），同时改善了整体心血管风险状况。与参与者自行选择的饮食相比，CCNW计划在降低胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白水平（均为P < .0001）、低密度脂蛋白与高密度脂蛋白比值（P < .001）、HbA1c（P < .05）、同型半胱氨酸（P < .001）、总营养素摄入量（P < .0001）、依从性（P < .0001）和生活质量（P < .001）方面有显著更大的益处。这项研究表明，改善整体饮食以纳入完整系列的推荐饮食指南，而非专注于单一营养素，除了控制血压外，对高血压患者的心血管风险状况有显著益处。与典型的饮食疗法相比，全面的CCNW餐食计划对多种心血管危险因素有显著更大的影响，同时产生更高的依从性和改善的生活质量。
