Dancer A, Buck K, Parmentier G, Hamery P
French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, France.
Scand Audiol Suppl. 1998;48:123-30.
In military life, noise has unusual characteristics and constitutes a serious hazard for hearing. Hearing impairments due to the exposure to weapon noises represent an important prejudice for the health of many soldiers. A special attention is given to (i) the "critical level", (ii) the frequency localization of the threshold shifts, (iii) the actual influence of the protective reflexes of the ear, (iv) the existence of delayed threshold shifts following impulse noise exposures, and (v) the interest of the medical treatment of the acoustic trauma. Damage risk criteria for weapon noises are compared: criteria using the (A-weighted) isoenergy principle represent the best present solution (LAeq = 85 dB). Specific problems related to the use of hearing protection are also discussed.
在军事生活中，噪声具有特殊的特性，对听力构成严重危害。因接触武器噪声而导致的听力损伤是许多士兵健康的重要损害因素。人们特别关注以下几点：（i）“临界水平”；（ii）阈值偏移的频率定位；（iii）耳部保护反射的实际影响；（iv）脉冲噪声暴露后延迟阈值偏移的存在；以及（v）声创伤医学治疗的意义。对武器噪声的损伤风险标准进行了比较：采用（A加权）等能量原理的标准是目前最佳的解决方案（LAeq = 85分贝）。还讨论了与使用听力保护相关的具体问题。
