Fleming V E
Glasgow Caledonian University, UK.
Nurs Ethics. 1998 Jan;5(1):43-51. doi: 10.1177/096973309800500106.
Through the World Health Organization's definition of midwifery, midwives are frequently heard to describe themselves as autonomous practitioners. In this article this notion is refuted. An overview of individual and collective autonomy is first presented to contextualize the subsequent discussion. Then the notion of autonomy in relation to midwifery practice in Scotland and New Zealand is critiqued through tracing the history of midwives and midwifery in these two countries. Issues relating to midwifery registration, medicalization of birth and consumerism are discussed. Each of these categories is suggested as limiting to autonomous practice within midwifery.
根据世界卫生组织对助产工作的定义，人们经常听到助产士将自己描述为自主从业者。但在本文中，这一观念遭到了驳斥。首先对个人自主和集体自主进行概述，以便为后续讨论提供背景。然后，通过追溯苏格兰和新西兰助产士及助产工作的历史，对这两个国家助产实践中的自主观念进行批判。还讨论了与助产士注册、分娩医学化和消费主义相关的问题。这些类别中的每一个都被认为限制了助产工作中的自主实践。
