Khan A U, Malek R S
J Urol. 1976 Aug;116(2):161-5. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)58728-5.
The diagnosis and management of 12 patients with spontaneous non-traumatic urinary extravasation are described. It is important to distinguish extravasation of the fornical backflow type from that owing to frank rupture of the diseased renal pelvis. Most cases of the former variety are caused by calculous ureteral obstruction and can be managed conservatively. Surgical intervention is indicated for the latter variety (frank rupture) and is based on the requirements imposed by the patient's clinical condition, the persistence of obstruction or extravasation, or the presence of complications of extravasation such as urinoma or abscess.
本文描述了12例自发性非创伤性尿外渗患者的诊断与处理。区分穹窿部反流型尿外渗与因病变肾盂破裂导致的尿外渗很重要。前一种类型的大多数病例由结石性输尿管梗阻引起，可采用保守治疗。后一种类型（肾盂破裂）则需手术干预，手术依据患者的临床状况、梗阻或尿外渗持续存在情况，或尿外渗并发症（如尿囊肿或脓肿）的有无来决定。
