Nyland J A, Caborn D N, Johnson D L
Division of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Kentucky Clinic, Lexington 40536-0284, USA.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1998;6(1):50-61. doi: 10.1007/s001670050072.
The glenohumeral joint, because of its relatively poor osseous and capsuloligamentous stability, depends upon the proprioceptive and stabilizing capabilities of musculotendinous structures more than any other joint in the human body. The purpose of this review is to compare the morphology, histology, and sensorimotor functional relationships of the human glenohumeral joint with the more abundant animal research data. From a synthesis of this information, a proprioceptive and stability alliance is proposed for the human glenohumeral joint which is initiated by mechanoreceptor activation from capsuloligamentous and musculotendinous structures, resulting in reflex-mediated protective muscular responses that are ultimately under the bias and sensitivity control of upper levels of the central nervous system hierarchy. The clinical impact of these findings as they relate to rehabilitation and conditioning strategies, surgical intervention, aging, and injury are discussed in addition to future research directions.
由于盂肱关节的骨性和关节囊韧带稳定性相对较差，它比人体其他任何关节都更依赖于肌肉肌腱结构的本体感觉和稳定能力。本综述的目的是将人类盂肱关节的形态学、组织学和感觉运动功能关系与更为丰富的动物研究数据进行比较。通过综合这些信息，为人类盂肱关节提出了一种本体感觉与稳定性联盟，该联盟由关节囊韧带和肌肉肌腱结构的机械感受器激活引发，导致反射介导的保护性肌肉反应，而这些反应最终受中枢神经系统高层级的偏向和敏感性控制。除了未来的研究方向外，还讨论了这些发现与康复和训练策略、手术干预、衰老及损伤相关的临床影响。
