Orofacial athletic injuries and involvement of the temporomandibular joint.

Injuries to the temporomandibular joint can range from contusion to complex displaced fractures. Major factors in the treatment of any injury are the patient's age and the stage in development of the temporomandibular joint and surrounding structures. A failure to diagnosis or the lack of proper treatment may lead to deformities. Following initial evaluation and management, vigorous mobilization of the joint remains a cornerstone of treatment.