Scheckler W E, Brimhall D, Buck A S, Farr B M, Friedman C, Garibaldi R A, Gross P A, Harris J A, Hierholzer W J, Martone W J, McDonald L L, Solomon S L
Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, Mt Royal, NJ 08061, USA.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1998 Feb;19(2):114-24. doi: 10.1086/647779.
The scientific basis for claims of efficacy of nosocomial infection surveillance and control programs was established by the Study on the Efficacy of Nosocomial Infection Control project. Subsequent analyses have demonstrated nosocomial infection prevention and control programs to be not only clinically effective but also cost-effective. Although governmental and professional organizations have developed a wide variety of useful recommendations and guidelines for infection control, and apart from general guidance provided by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, there are surprisingly few recommendations on infrastructure and essential activities for infection control and epidemiology programs. In April 1996, the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America established a consensus panel to develop recommendations for optimal infrastructure and essential activities of infection control and epidemiology programs in hospitals. The following report represents the consensus panel's best assessment of needs for a healthy and effective hospital-based infection control and epidemiology program. The recommendations fall into eight categories: managing critical data and information; setting and recommending policies and procedures; compliance with regulations, guidelines, and accreditation requirements; employee health; direct intervention to prevent transmission of infectious diseases; education and training of healthcare workers; personnel resources; and nonpersonnel resources. The consensus panel used an evidence-based approach and categorized recommendations according to modifications of the scheme developed by the Clinical Affairs Committee of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee.
医院感染监测与控制项目有效性声明的科学依据是由“医院感染控制有效性研究”项目确立的。后续分析表明，医院感染预防与控制项目不仅在临床上有效，而且具有成本效益。尽管政府和专业组织已经制定了各种各样有用的感染控制建议和指南，并且除了医疗保健机构认证联合委员会提供的一般指导外，但令人惊讶的是，关于感染控制和流行病学项目的基础设施和基本活动的建议却很少。1996年4月，美国医疗保健流行病学学会成立了一个共识小组，以制定关于医院感染控制和流行病学项目的最佳基础设施和基本活动的建议。以下报告代表了共识小组对健康有效的医院感染控制和流行病学项目需求的最佳评估。这些建议分为八类：管理关键数据和信息；制定和推荐政策与程序；遵守法规、指南和认证要求；员工健康；直接干预以防止传染病传播；对医护人员的教育和培训；人力资源；以及非人力资源。共识小组采用了循证方法，并根据美国传染病学会临床事务委员会和疾病控制与预防中心医院感染控制实践咨询委员会制定的方案修改对建议进行了分类。
