Lewis B K
Faculty of Community Health Sciences, University of Wales Institute, Cardiff, UK.
J Wound Care. 1998 Jan;7(1):31-5. doi: 10.12968/jowc.1998.7.1.31.
This study explored the possibility of a link between diet prior to admission to hospital and the development of pressure sores in older patients. The intention was to use this information to develop a nutrient prediction score and nutrient risk indicator. Thirty patients over the age of 75, admitted with either a fractured neck of femur or for hip replacement surgery, formed the study population. A Waterlow assessment was completed on admission and each patient answered a specially developed food frequency questionnaire. Patients in both diagnostic groups had Waterlow scores which put them into the high-risk category. A total of 20 pressure sores developed in the two groups of patients during their stay in hospital. Patients admitted for hip replacement had higher nutrient intake values than patients with fractured neck of femur and they also had a higher occurrence of pressure sores. Overall diet for all patients appeared to be adequate; however, the diet of patients with fractured neck of femur was significantly lower in both iron and vitamin C than that of patients having hip replacement surgery. The nutritional assessment tool was not as sensitive as expected and further development and validation are needed. While no firm conclusions can be drawn from this small study, the results do emphasise the importance of adequate diet in elderly patients prior to admission, especially for planned admissions for hip replacement.
本研究探讨了老年患者入院前饮食与压疮发生之间存在关联的可能性。目的是利用这些信息制定营养预测评分和营养风险指标。30名75岁以上因股骨颈骨折或接受髋关节置换手术而入院的患者构成了研究人群。入院时完成了Waterlow评估，每位患者都回答了一份专门编制的食物频率问卷。两个诊断组的患者Waterlow评分均将他们归入高风险类别。两组患者在住院期间共出现了20处压疮。接受髋关节置换手术的患者营养摄入量高于股骨颈骨折患者，且压疮发生率也更高。所有患者的总体饮食似乎充足；然而，股骨颈骨折患者的饮食中铁和维生素C含量均显著低于接受髋关节置换手术的患者。营养评估工具不如预期敏感，需要进一步开发和验证。虽然这项小型研究无法得出确凿结论，但结果确实强调了入院前老年患者饮食充足的重要性，尤其是对于计划进行髋关节置换手术的患者。
