Sannella N A, Mehigan J T, Pennell J P, Halpren B, Fogarty T J
Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs. 1976;22:394-7.
Experience with the modified bovine heterograft arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis in 79 grafts in 73 patients over an 18 mo period is analyzed. An immediate (30 day) patency rate of 97.5%, and a 12 mo cumulative patency rate of 73.9% was observed. Early and late complication rates were acceptably low, despite early usage in 80% of cases. It is concluded that the bovine fistula provides an acceptable blood access route for the initial approach to the patient in urgent need of hemodialysis.
分析了73例患者79个改良牛异种移植动静脉内瘘在18个月期间用于血液透析的经验。观察到即刻（30天）通畅率为97.5%，12个月累积通畅率为73.9%。尽管80%的病例早期就使用了该内瘘，但早期和晚期并发症发生率都低至可接受水平。结论是，对于急需血液透析的患者，牛内瘘为初始治疗提供了可接受的血管通路途径。
