Shearman C M, el-Khoury G Y
Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA.
Am Fam Physician. 1998 Mar 1;57(5):995-1002.
Family physicians often are required to evaluate patients who present with acute skeletal trauma. The first of this two-part series discusses the features and evaluation of some commonly missed fractures and dislocations of the upper limb, excluding the hand. Dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint are infrequent and often missed. Clavicular fractures in adults usually are not hard to diagnose. Acromioclavicular joint dislocations represent about 10 percent of all dislocation injuries to the shoulder girdle. Forty percent of all dislocations occur at the glenohumeral joint. Scapular fractures are often a result of significant force. Multiple views should be obtained in adults with a suspected fracture of the elbow. Complications in fractures of the wrist are strongly related to the location of the fracture.
家庭医生经常需要对出现急性骨骼创伤的患者进行评估。这个分为两部分的系列文章的第一篇讨论了上肢一些常见漏诊骨折和脱位（不包括手部）的特征及评估。胸锁关节脱位不常见且常被漏诊。成人锁骨骨折通常不难诊断。肩锁关节脱位约占肩胛带所有脱位损伤的10%。所有脱位中有40%发生在盂肱关节。肩胛骨骨折通常是由强大外力所致。对于疑似肘部骨折的成人患者，应拍摄多个角度的X光片。腕部骨折的并发症与骨折部位密切相关。
