Porter A
MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Trends Genet. 1998 Feb;14(2):73-9. doi: 10.1016/s0168-9525(97)01326-7.
Methods are now widely used in mice, and to a lesser extent in mammalian-cell culture, for the constitutive silencing of target genes in order to assess their function. For a variety of reasons, not least because many genes are essential for viability, it is important that these methods can be adapted to allow the controlled silencing of target genes. Reviewed here are the ways in which gene-silencing methods can be combined with a growing number of genetic control systems to generate cell lines or mice that are, in effect, conditional mutants. These approaches are still being developed and promise to open up key areas of cell and animal biology to genetic analysis.
目前，这些方法已在小鼠中广泛应用，在哺乳动物细胞培养中的应用程度稍低，用于组成性沉默靶基因以评估其功能。由于多种原因，尤其是许多基因对细胞存活至关重要，因此重要的是这些方法能够进行调整，以实现对靶基因的可控沉默。本文综述了基因沉默方法与越来越多的遗传控制系统相结合的方式，以产生实际上为条件性突变体的细胞系或小鼠。这些方法仍在不断发展，有望为细胞生物学和动物生物学的关键领域开展遗传分析开辟道路。
