Charlton J F, Dalla K P, Kniska A
Department of Ophthalmology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506, USA.
Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1998 Mar 1;55(5):463-6. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/55.5.463.
The feasibility of long-term storage of commonly used ophthalmic antimicrobial solutions was studied. Solutions of tobramycin 15 mg/mL (as the sulfate salt), cefazolin 33 mg/mL (as the sodium salt), and vancomycin 50 mg/mL (as the hydrochloride salt), each in artificial tears, were prepared with aseptic technique. Ten 15-mL portions of each solution were prepared; five of each were stored at 4 degrees C and the other five at 25 degrees C. Samples of each portion were tested before storage and 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after preparation for osmolality, pH, and antimicrobial activity. For the tobramycin solution there were no differences in osmolality or the zone of inhibition associated with temperature or time. The pH dropped between days 0 and 7 at both temperatures. For the cefazolin solution there were no differences in osmolality associated with temperature or time. The pH was higher in portions stored at 25 degrees C than at 4 degrees C and increased over time in portions stored at either temperature. The zone of inhibition was larger for portions stored at 4 degrees C than at 25 degrees C but did not change over time. For the vancomycin solution there were no differences in osmolality associated with temperature or time. The pH did not differ between portions stored at 4 and 25 degrees C but dropped sharply at both temperatures between days 0 and 7. The zone of inhibition did not differ with temperature or time. The tobramycin solution could be stored for 28 days at room temperature and the cefazolin solution for 28 days under refrigeration. The pH of the vancomycin solution changed too quickly for storage to be recommended.
研究了常用眼科抗菌溶液长期储存的可行性。采用无菌技术制备了妥布霉素15mg/mL（硫酸盐）、头孢唑林33mg/mL（钠盐）和万古霉素50mg/mL（盐酸盐）的人工泪液溶液。每种溶液制备10份15mL的样本；其中5份储存在4℃，另外5份储存在25℃。在储存前以及制备后7天、14天、21天和28天对每份样本进行渗透压、pH值和抗菌活性测试。对于妥布霉素溶液，渗透压或抑菌圈在温度或时间方面没有差异。在两个温度下，pH值在第0天到第7天之间均下降。对于头孢唑林溶液，渗透压在温度或时间方面没有差异。储存在25℃的样本pH值高于4℃的样本，且在任一温度下储存的样本pH值均随时间增加。储存在4℃的样本抑菌圈大于25℃的样本，但不随时间变化。对于万古霉素溶液，渗透压在温度或时间方面没有差异。储存在4℃和25℃的样本pH值无差异，但在两个温度下pH值在第0天到第7天之间均急剧下降。抑菌圈在温度或时间方面没有差异。妥布霉素溶液可在室温下储存28天，头孢唑林溶液可在冷藏条件下储存28天。万古霉素溶液的pH值变化太快，不建议储存。
