Yamada T, Yoshiyama Y, Kawaguchi N, Ichinose A, Iwaki T, Hirose S, Jefferies W A
Department of Neurology, Chiba University, Japan.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 1998 Mar-Apr;9(2):103-10. doi: 10.1159/000017031.
The localizations of two transglutaminases [factor XIIIa and tissue transglutaminase (tTG)] and their mRNAs were examined in human brain tissues from neurologically normal and Alzheimer disease (AD) cases, using immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization methods. In all cases, meningeal macrophages and ependymal macrophage/microglia were positive for factor XIIIa. The mRNA encoding factor XIIIa was detected in macrophages and microglia. As reported previously, intense staining with the antibody to factor XIIIa of a subset of microglia was seen in the parietal cortex in AD brains. Few or no microglia were found associated with classical senile plaques. In contrast, many labeled microglia were associated with primitive plaques. Further-more, most of these cells were mainly seen in the subpial cortical layer but were very rare in the hippocampus. On the other hand, few factor-XIIIa-positive microglia were found in the parietal cortices from non-neurological cases, but moderate numbers were found in their hippocampal tissues. TG and its mRNA were localized in astrocytes in all the cases. In AD, a few neurofibrillary tangles were positive to tTG. These results suggest that the subsets of microglia which express factor XIIIa may play some roles in the early phase of AD pathology.
运用免疫组织化学和原位杂交方法，对神经功能正常者及阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者的脑组织中两种转谷氨酰胺酶[凝血因子XIIIa和组织转谷氨酰胺酶（tTG）]及其mRNA的定位进行了研究。在所有病例中，脑膜巨噬细胞和室管膜巨噬细胞/小胶质细胞对凝血因子XIIIa呈阳性反应。在巨噬细胞和小胶质细胞中检测到了编码凝血因子XIIIa的mRNA。如先前报道，在AD脑的顶叶皮质中，可见一小部分小胶质细胞对凝血因子XIIIa抗体呈强染色。很少或未发现小胶质细胞与典型的老年斑相关。相反，许多标记的小胶质细胞与原始斑块相关。此外，这些细胞大多主要见于软膜下皮质层，但在海马中非常罕见。另一方面，在非神经病例的顶叶皮质中很少发现凝血因子XIIIa阳性的小胶质细胞，但在其海马组织中发现了中等数量的此类细胞。在所有病例中，TG及其mRNA定位于星形胶质细胞。在AD中，一些神经原纤维缠结对tTG呈阳性。这些结果表明，表达凝血因子XIIIa的小胶质细胞亚群可能在AD病理的早期阶段发挥某些作用。
