Hidaka S, Matsumoto M, Hiji H, Ohsako S, Nishinakagawa H
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Japan.
J Vet Med Sci. 1998 Feb;60(2):161-7. doi: 10.1292/jvms.60.161.
In order to obtain the basic data to identify the skeletal remains from the archaeological sites, morphological and morphometrical studies were carried out on skulls of living raccoon dogs (35 males and 45 females) and badgers (16 males and 8 females) from Kagoshima Prefecture. Macroscopically, the sexual differences were observed in badgers for the parts of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the occipital squama, but were not in raccoon dogs. Among 24 cranial measurements, significant sexual differences were found in five measurement items in raccoon dogs, while 12 items in badgers. Mandibles showed significant sexual differences in both species. Raccoon dogs had significantly larger values than badgers in most of the items concerning length of cranium and most mandibular measurements. The discrimination efficiencies of discriminant formulae between both sexes were lower in raccoon dogs, but higher in badgers, and the efficiencies between both species were obtained 100%. In the regression formulae for estimating skull length, some formulae showed high coefficients of determination in both species. These observations represented interspecific and sexual differences in the skulls of raccoon dogs and badgers.
为了获取识别考古遗址中骨骼遗骸的基础数据，对来自鹿儿岛县的活体貉（35只雄性和45只雌性）和獾（16只雄性和8只雌性）的头骨进行了形态学和形态测量学研究。宏观上，在獾的颞骨颧突和枕鳞部分观察到了性别差异，但在貉中未观察到。在24项颅骨测量中，貉有5项测量指标存在显著性别差异，而獾有12项。两种动物的下颌骨均显示出显著的性别差异。在大多数关于颅骨长度和大多数下颌测量的指标中，貉的值显著大于獾。性别判别公式在貉中的判别效率较低，但在獾中较高，且两种动物之间的判别效率达到100%。在估计头骨长度的回归公式中，一些公式在两种动物中都显示出较高的决定系数。这些观察结果表明了貉和獾头骨的种间和性别差异。
