Iwanaga M, Tsukamoto M
Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
Percept Mot Skills. 1998 Feb;86(1):31-41. doi: 10.2466/pms.1998.86.1.31.
Previous studies have indicated inconsistently that preferred tempo was moderate or fast. The basis for inconsistency might be differences in methods, i.e., differences in tempo operation and subjects' experience of listening to musical pieces. The present study examined the preference for tempo using known and unknown melodies which were presented at varied tempi systematically. 119 undergraduates not majoring in music were subjects, divided into three subgroups, slow, medium, and fast music groups according to tempi designated by composers. Subjects rated items about Perceived Activity and affect for each stimulus presented at varied tempi. Subjects evaluated fast tempi as active regardless of differences in the designated tempi and prior listening experience. Affect (including preference) showed an inverted-U shape relationship to variations in tempo. The most preferred tempo was the designated tempo for known melodies, while moderate tempi (109 to 130 in metronome measure) were preferred for unknown melodies.
先前的研究结果并不一致，有的表明偏好的节奏是适中的或快速的。结果不一致的原因可能在于方法的差异，即节奏操作以及受试者聆听音乐作品的体验方面的差异。本研究使用已知和未知旋律，系统地以不同节奏呈现，来考察对节奏的偏好。119名非音乐专业的本科生作为受试者，根据作曲家指定的节奏分为三个亚组，即慢节奏音乐组、中节奏音乐组和快节奏音乐组。受试者对以不同节奏呈现的每种刺激的感知活力和情感项目进行评分。无论指定节奏和先前聆听体验的差异如何，受试者都将快速节奏评价为充满活力。情感（包括偏好）与节奏变化呈倒U形关系。对于已知旋律，最偏好的节奏是指定节奏，而对于未知旋律，适中的节奏（节拍器节拍为109至130）更受青睐。
