El Gamal M, van Gelder B
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1979 Jul;2(4):444-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1979.tb05220.x.
A Helifix electrode was inserted transvenously in the right atrial appendage for temporary atrial stimulation in three patients. The low stimulation threshold as well as the excellent stability of the electrode encouraged us to proceed to permanent implantation of this lead in thirteen patients. The lead was introduced through the saphenous vein in twelve patients and through the cephalic vein in one patient. Five patients had sinoatrial dysfunction and five had bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome; they received atrial demand pacemakers. Two patients had atrioventricular block and received atrial synchronous ventricular pacemarkers. Our last patient had restrictive cardiomyopathy, heart failure and a drug-refractory atrial arrhythmia. She received a dual-chamber sequential pacing device. Atrial electrode displacement occurred in one patient soon after implantation. The lead was promptly repositioned without difficulty. Partial sensing of spontaneous P waves was observed in two patients. One recovered spontaneously, the second after substituting a pulse generator with a higher input sensitivity. Our clinical experience during the period from November 1977 to January 1979 has shown that the Helifix electrode is suitable for transvenous atrial implantation.
在三名患者中经静脉将Helifix电极插入右心耳进行临时心房刺激。该电极的低刺激阈值以及出色的稳定性促使我们对另外13名患者进行该导线的永久植入。12名患者通过大隐静脉引入导线，1名患者通过头静脉引入导线。5名患者有窦房结功能障碍，5名患者有心动过缓-心动过速综合征，他们接受了心房按需起搏器。2名患者有房室传导阻滞，接受了心房同步心室起搏器。我们的最后一名患者患有限制性心肌病、心力衰竭和药物难治性房性心律失常，她接受了双腔顺序起搏装置。一名患者在植入后不久发生了心房电极移位，导线很快被顺利重新定位。两名患者观察到对自发P波的部分感知，一名患者自发恢复，另一名患者在更换为具有更高输入灵敏度的脉冲发生器后恢复。我们在1977年11月至1979年1月期间的临床经验表明，Helifix电极适用于经静脉心房植入。
