Continuous EEG monitoring in the intensive care unit.

BACKGROUND

Electroencephalography (EEG) is playing an increasingly important role in the management of comatose patients in the intensive care unit.

METHODS

The techniques of EEG monitoring are reviewed. Initially, standard, discontinuous recordings were performed in intensive care units (ICUs). Later, continuous displays of "raw EEG" (CEEG) were used. More recently, the addition of quantitative techniques allowed for more effective reading.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

Applications of continuous EEG to clinical problems are discussed. The most useful role of CEEG appears to be the detection and management of nonconvulsive seizures. There is a need for controlled studies to assess the role for CEEG in neuro-ICUs and general ICUs.