Hawkins E P
Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Am J Clin Pathol. 1998 Apr;109(4 Suppl 1):S82-8.
Germ cell tumors in children are different from those in adults and often differ from each other in the site of the tumor and the age of the child. The appropriate gross examination and processing of these tumors by pathologists are described, and differences according to site and/or age are highlighted. Useful special studies such as immunohistochemistry and cytogenetics are identified, and the appropriate methods for processing material for these studies are discussed. Handling of small biopsy specimens or fine-needle aspirates is also addressed. Staging of germ cell tumors by site according to Pediatric Oncology Group and Children's Cancer Study Group treatment protocols and the most recent adaptation of grading of immature teratomas are outlined.
儿童生殖细胞肿瘤与成人不同，并且在肿瘤部位和患儿年龄方面常常彼此存在差异。本文描述了病理学家对这些肿瘤进行适当大体检查和处理的方法，并着重指出了根据部位和/或年龄的差异。确定了有用的特殊检查方法，如免疫组织化学和细胞遗传学，并讨论了为这些检查处理材料的适当方法。还涉及小活检标本或细针穿刺抽吸物的处理。概述了根据儿科肿瘤学组和儿童癌症研究组治疗方案对生殖细胞肿瘤进行部位分期以及未成熟畸胎瘤分级的最新调整。
