Dengis C A, Simpson T L, Steinbach M J, Ono H
Centre for Vision Research, York University, Ontario, Canada.
Vision Res. 1998 Jan;38(2):327-31. doi: 10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00157-0.
When asked to look through a tube, younger children place it at the bridge of the nose, and not over one eye: the Cyclops effect. This is a natural response to a median plane egocenter. With maturity, the Cyclops effect disappears as we learn to overcome the consequences of an egocenter between the two eyes, and instead, to use the "preferred" eye. We videotaped adults (n = 14) and children with normal vision (n = 30), children with comitant strabismus (n = 14), and adults and children (n = 14) with one eye enucleated as they attempted to look through a plastic tube. Immediately in front of the face was a liquid crystal window that could be either transparent or opaque. As the tube was raised, the window was made opaque--blocking sight of the target, their hands, and the tube. Most binocular observers placed the tube approximately at the bridge of the nose. This was significantly different from the response of the enucleated observers who put the tube 75% of the way to the remaining eye (P = 0.0001). All observers align, on average, with the measured location of their egocenter when asked to perform a monocular task without visual cues. Deprived of visual feedback, binocular observers show the Cyclops effect, regardless of age.
当被要求通过一根管子看东西时，年幼的孩子会把管子放在鼻梁处，而不是放在一只眼睛上：即独眼巨人效应。这是对正中面自我中心的一种自然反应。随着年龄增长，独眼巨人效应会消失，因为我们学会了克服两眼之间自我中心的影响，转而使用“偏好”的那只眼睛。我们对正常视力的成年人（n = 14）、儿童（n = 30）、共同性斜视儿童（n = 14）以及单眼摘除的成年人和儿童（n = 14）在试图通过塑料管看东西时进行了录像。在脸的正前方有一个液晶窗口，它可以是透明的也可以是不透明的。当管子升高时，窗口变为不透明——挡住对目标、他们的手和管子的视线。大多数双眼观察者会把管子大致放在鼻梁处。这与单眼摘除观察者的反应有显著差异，单眼摘除观察者会把管子放在距剩下那只眼睛75%的位置（P = 0.0001）。当被要求在没有视觉线索的情况下执行单眼任务时，所有观察者平均会根据他们自我中心的测量位置进行对齐。在没有视觉反馈的情况下，双眼观察者都会表现出独眼巨人效应，无论年龄大小。
