Madinier I, Jehl-Pietri C, Monteil R A
Laboratoire de Pathobiologie Orale, Faculté de Chirurgie-Dentaire, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice.
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1997;148(5):398-405.
Hyposalivation is related to decreased salivary flow, with xerostomia as an ultimate degree. Prolonged severe hyposalivation or xerostomia may induce oral pain, poor tolerance to dentures, loss in taste acuity and increased incidence of oral infections: gingivitis, periodontitis, oral candidosis, infectious sialadenitis and multiple dental caries. Most of the time hyposalivation is a reversible drug-induced side-effect. Hyposalivation is frequent, particularly in elderly people with numerous drugs prescribed on a long-term continuous basis, and in psychiatric patients. It remains a neglected clinical problem. Besides the well-known antimuscarinics, antihistaminics, imipraminic antidepressants and phenothiazic neuroleptics, many drugs may induce hyposalivation. This work aims to review drug-induced xerostomia in 1997 (French pharmacopeae), and high-risk associations.
唾液分泌减少与唾液流量降低有关，口干症是其最终程度。长期严重的唾液分泌减少或口干症可能会引发口腔疼痛、对假牙耐受性差、味觉减退以及口腔感染（牙龈炎、牙周炎、口腔念珠菌病、感染性涎腺炎和多发性龋齿）的发生率增加。大多数情况下，唾液分泌减少是药物引起的可逆性副作用。唾液分泌减少很常见，尤其是在长期持续服用多种药物的老年人以及精神病患者中。它仍然是一个被忽视的临床问题。除了众所周知的抗胆碱能药物、抗组胺药、丙咪嗪类抗抑郁药和吩噻嗪类抗精神病药物外，许多药物都可能导致唾液分泌减少。这项工作旨在回顾1997年（法国药典）中药物引起的口干症以及高风险关联。
