Moreau P, d'Uscio L V, Lüscher T F
University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
Cardiovasc Res. 1998 Jan;37(1):247-53. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6363(97)00225-3.
Increased pulse pressure has been observed in aging subjects, but the impact on the structure and reactivity of small arteries has been scarcely evaluated.
This study presents the modifications of vascular structure and function observed in female rats of 5, 18 and 32 months of age, and their relation to the prevailing hemodynamic status. Geometry and reactivity of perfused and pressurized basilar and mesenteric small arteries were analyzed in vitro using a video dimension analyzer.
Mean arterial pressure was similar in the three age groups, and only pulse pressure was increased in the oldest group. Media thickness and cross sectional area increased in basilar and mesenteric arteries of the oldest rats and these structural abnormalities were positively related to pulse pressure but not to mean, systolic or diastolic arterial pressure. Only minor changes of vascular reactivity were noted with age: there was a decreased contraction to angiotensin II in mesenteric arteries and an enhanced contraction to endothelin-1 in the basilar arteries.
In conclusion, aging is associated with increased pulse pressure and hypertrophy of basilar and mesenteric resistance arteries, suggesting that this hemodynamic variable may influence cerebral and peripheral vascular structure in aging.
在衰老个体中观察到脉压升高，但对小动脉结构和反应性的影响几乎未得到评估。
本研究展示了在5、18和32月龄雌性大鼠中观察到的血管结构和功能的改变，以及它们与主要血流动力学状态的关系。使用视频尺寸分析仪在体外分析灌注和加压的基底动脉和肠系膜小动脉的几何形状和反应性。
三个年龄组的平均动脉压相似，仅最年长组的脉压升高。最年长大鼠的基底动脉和肠系膜动脉的中膜厚度和横截面积增加，这些结构异常与脉压呈正相关，而与平均动脉压、收缩压或舒张压无关。随年龄增长仅观察到血管反应性的轻微变化：肠系膜动脉对血管紧张素II的收缩反应降低，基底动脉对内皮素-1的收缩反应增强。
总之，衰老与脉压升高以及基底动脉和肠系膜阻力动脉肥大有关，提示该血流动力学变量可能影响衰老过程中的脑和外周血管结构。
