Dunn K, Bacallao R
Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine and the Roudebusch VA Medical Center, Indianapolis 46236, USA.
Semin Nephrol. 1998 Mar;18(2):122-37.
Light microscopy is a powerful experimental approach that allows the researcher to study the dynamics of cellular responses and subcellular organization. Recent advances in optics, detectors, computerized image processing, and the development of vital dyes promise to extend the utility of light microscopy. Quantitative approaches measuring intracellular pH, sodium or calcium are well known, but future developments may permit quantitative analysis of immunolabeled specimens. This review will describe the basic features of light microscopes and imaging techniques. Specific types of microscopy such as confocal microscopy, wide field microscopes, and epifluorescence microscopy will be considered. In addition, recent advances in cellular labeling techniques will be described. Post production image processing techniques and computerized deconvolution methods will be discussed, and lastly future developments in optics, improved sensitivity in detectors with enhanced signal-to-noise ratios will be explored. Wherever possible, specific applications that have been applied to renal physiology studies will be cited.
光学显微镜是一种强大的实验方法，它使研究人员能够研究细胞反应动力学和亚细胞结构。光学、探测器、计算机图像处理方面的最新进展以及活性染料的开发有望扩展光学显微镜的应用范围。测量细胞内pH值、钠或钙的定量方法广为人知，但未来的发展可能会允许对免疫标记标本进行定量分析。本综述将描述光学显微镜和成像技术的基本特征。将考虑特定类型的显微镜，如共聚焦显微镜、宽视野显微镜和落射荧光显微镜。此外，还将描述细胞标记技术的最新进展。将讨论后期图像后处理技术和计算机去卷积方法，最后探讨光学方面的未来发展、具有更高信噪比的探测器的灵敏度提高。只要有可能，将引用已应用于肾脏生理学研究的具体应用。
