Blum J Y, Esber S, Micallef J P
J Endod. 1997 May;23(5):340-5. doi: 10.1016/S0099-2399(97)80420-7.
The aim of this study was to compare the forces developed during three obturation techniques: warm vertical compaction (WVC), lateral condensation (LC), and thermomechanical compaction (TMC). A force-analyzer device allowed us to record and analyze the forces exerted during the obturations. The different methods, which varied in instrumentation, duration, and compaction load, were studied from graphs representing the force application sequences. In addition, the graphs resulting from specific modifications in the LC technique (use of a single spreader) and deliberately induced failures with TMC (with a too-small condensor or with excessive load) were analyzed. The mean values for the vertical forces for WVC, LC, and TMC were, respectively, 2.5 +/- 0.4 kg, 1.1 +/- 0.3 kg, and 1.65 +/- 0.2 kg. The mean values for the lateral forces were, respectively, 0.85 +/- 0.2 kg, 0.35 +/- 0.1 kg, and 0.5 +/- 0.2 kg. The use of graphs provides a new approach to the analysis of obturation methods and may find its greatest application in the teaching of these techniques. It also has the potential to improve research into obturation technique.
本研究的目的是比较三种根管充填技术（热垂直加压充填法（WVC）、侧向加压充填法（LC）和热机械加压充填法（TMC））过程中产生的力量。一种力分析装置使我们能够记录和分析充填过程中施加的力量。从代表力施加顺序的图表中研究了在器械、持续时间和压实负荷方面存在差异的不同方法。此外，还分析了LC技术特定修改（使用单个充填器）以及TMC故意导致的失败（使用过小的充填器或负荷过大）所产生的图表。WVC、LC和TMC的垂直力平均值分别为2.5±0.4千克、1.1±0.3千克和1.65±0.2千克。侧向力平均值分别为0.85±0.2千克、0.35±0.1千克和0.5±0.2千克。图表的使用为根管充填方法的分析提供了一种新方法，并且可能在这些技术的教学中得到最广泛的应用。它还有助于改进对根管充填技术的研究。
