Kodama K, Nagashima M, Inoue K, Matsumura G, Kodama G
Second Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi. 1998 Jan;73(1):53-60.
It is well-known that the lower margins of nasal aperture in the human skull may be classified into the following four types, i.e., Forma anthropina, Forma infantilis, Fossae praenasales and Clivus nasoalveolaris, and that the rates of appearance of these four types differ with races. In the present study we made morphological studies on the lower margins of nasal aperture of 465 Hokkaido Japanese skulls, 463 skulls with symmetrical nasal aperture and 2 skulls with asymmetrical one, and compared the findings with those of all races in the world, especially of the Japanese, Ainu, Moyoro Man, Hamanaka Site Man and Eskimo. Forma anthropina was found in 330 skulls (71.27 +/- 2.10%) among the 463, marking the highest rate. Forma infantilis, found in 74 skulls (15.98 +/- 1.70%) among the 463, marked the second highest rate. Fossae praenasales, found in 42 skulls (9.07 +/- 1.33%) among the 463, marked the third highest rate. These 42 cases of Fossae praenasales were further classified into three types, i.e., sub-Forma infantilis, 17 (40.48%), typical Fossae prenasales, 23 (54.76%) and sub-Clivus nasoalveolaris, 2 (4.76%). Clivus nasoalveolaris, found in 17 skulls (3.67 +/- 0.87%) among the 463, marked the lowest rate. As a whole, the rates of the four types in the Hokkaido Japanese were close to those in the other groups of the Japanese in Kinai and Hokkaido (Ito).
众所周知，人类颅骨鼻前孔的下缘可分为以下四种类型，即类人型、婴儿型、鼻前窝型和鼻牙槽斜坡型，并且这四种类型的出现率因种族而异。在本研究中，我们对465例北海道日本人颅骨的鼻前孔下缘进行了形态学研究，其中463例颅骨鼻前孔对称，2例不对称，并将研究结果与世界上所有种族，特别是日本人、阿伊努人、莫约罗人、滨中遗址人以及爱斯基摩人的结果进行了比较。在463例中，发现类人型有330例（71.27±2.10%），出现率最高。婴儿型在463例中有74例（15.98±1.70%），出现率次之。鼻前窝型在463例中有42例（9.07±1.33%），出现率排第三。这42例鼻前窝型又进一步分为三种类型，即婴儿型亚型17例（40.48%）、典型鼻前窝型23例（54.76%）和鼻牙槽斜坡型亚型2例（4.76%）。鼻牙槽斜坡型在463例中有17例（3.67±0.87%），出现率最低。总体而言，北海道日本人这四种类型的出现率与畿内和北海道其他日本人群体（伊藤）的相近。
