Ruohoniemi M, Ryhänen V, Tulamo R M
Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998 Mar-Apr;39(2):125-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.1998.tb01978.x.
Radiographic findings in the navicular bone and distal interphalangeal joint as well as the ossification status of the collateral cartilages of the distal phalanx were evaluated in 100 Finnhorse cadaver forefeet. The most common shapes of the proximal articular margin of the navicular bone were convex and straight. Remodeling of the navicular bone was common, especially on the lateral extremity. No bony fragments were identified at the distal flexor margin even though this area appeared irregular in several feet. Several large, rounded or lollipop-shaped synovial invaginations were identified in only six feet. The thickness of the flexor cortex varied considerably, and the corticomedullary junction was uni- or bilaterally indistinct in nine feet. The shape of the sagittal ridge of the flexor cortex was commonly flat but varied. It appeared locally irregular or indistinct in 17 feet, but changes elsewhere along the flexor cortex were rare. Osteophytosis on the dorsal and palmar margins of the distal interphalangeal joint and entheseophytosis on the dorsal aspect of the middle phalanx and on the extensor process of the distal phalanx were common. "Possibly significant" ossification of the collateral cartilages (high sidebones or separate centers of ossification) was present in 36 feet; all grades of ossification in the proximal/palmaroproximal direction as well as palmar ossification were seen. A statistically significant relationship was found between entheseophytosis on the proximal flexor margin of the navicular bone and "possibly significant" ossification. Osteophytosis on the palmarodistal margin of the middle phalanx was more common in feet with a relatively long distal phalanx, suggestive of palmar ossification. Radiographic changes in the navicular bone or in the distal interphalangeal joint did not otherwise appear to be associated with ossification of the collateral cartilages of the distal phalanx in Finnhorses.
对100匹芬兰马尸体前蹄的舟骨、远侧指间关节的影像学表现以及远节指骨侧副软骨的骨化状态进行了评估。舟骨近端关节边缘最常见的形状是凸形和直线形。舟骨重塑很常见，尤其是在外侧末端。即使在几只蹄子中该区域看起来不规则，但在远侧屈肌边缘未发现骨碎片。仅在6只蹄子中发现了几个大的、圆形或棒棒糖形的滑膜凹陷。屈肌皮质厚度差异很大，9只蹄子的皮质髓质交界处单侧或双侧不清晰。屈肌皮质矢状嵴的形状通常是平的，但也有所不同。在17只蹄子中，其局部看起来不规则或不清晰，但屈肌皮质其他部位的变化很少见。远侧指间关节背侧和掌侧边缘的骨赘形成以及中节指骨背侧和远节指骨伸肌突的附着点骨赘形成很常见。36只蹄子存在侧副软骨“可能有意义”的骨化（高侧副骨或单独的骨化中心）；可见近端/掌侧近端方向以及掌侧骨化的所有等级。在舟骨近端屈肌边缘的附着点骨赘形成与“可能有意义”的骨化之间发现了统计学上的显著关系。中节指骨掌侧远端边缘的骨赘形成在远节指骨相对较长的蹄子中更常见，提示掌侧骨化。在芬兰马中，舟骨或远侧指间关节的影像学变化在其他方面似乎与远节指骨侧副软骨的骨化无关。
