Hessel H, Walger M, Ernst S, Foerst A, von Wedel H, Klünter H D, Walkowiak W
ENT University Hospital, University of Cologne, Germany.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 1998 Mar-Apr;60(2):61-6. doi: 10.1159/000027566.
The neurophysiological effects of early electrical stimulation on the development and neural plasticity of the central auditory system in prelingually deafened children with cochlear implants are still unknown. Many of these basic questions can be answered systematically only in animal experiments. Meriones unguiculatus is a well-established animal model in hearing research. Deafening is produced by a single intracochlear application of an ototoxic aminoglycoside antibiotic (neomycin sulfate) on the 14th day after birth (DAB), i.e. before the late natural onset of hearing on the 16th DAB. A single application of the antibiotic abolishes auditory brainstem responses (ABR) to clicks completely and reduces sensitivity to low frequency tonebursts by 50 dB SPL. Scanning electron microscopy results show a destruction of the stereocilia of the inner and outer hair cells of the basal and medial cochlear turn and a reduction of those in the apical turn. Our method avoids a systemic application of antibiotics and can be used in studies dealing with the consequences of different forms of auditory deprivation, neuronal compensation processes or with ontogenetic studies and chronic electrostimulation in an animal model.
早期电刺激对语前聋儿童人工耳蜗植入后中枢听觉系统发育和神经可塑性的神经生理效应尚不清楚。许多这类基本问题只有在动物实验中才能得到系统解答。长爪沙鼠是听力研究中一种成熟的动物模型。在出生后第14天（DAB），即出生后第16天自然听力出现较晚之前，通过在耳蜗内单次应用耳毒性氨基糖苷类抗生素（硫酸新霉素）造成耳聋。单次应用抗生素可完全消除对咔嗒声的听觉脑干反应（ABR），并使对低频短纯音的敏感性降低50 dB SPL。扫描电子显微镜结果显示，耳蜗基部和中部蜗管的内、外毛细胞静纤毛遭到破坏，顶部蜗管的静纤毛数量减少。我们的方法避免了全身性应用抗生素，可用于研究不同形式听觉剥夺的后果、神经元补偿过程，或用于动物模型中的个体发育研究和慢性电刺激研究。
