Armstrong C L, Cloud B
Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
Neuropsychology. 1998 Apr;12(2):208-17. doi: 10.1037//0894-4105.12.2.208.
The mental rotation required in the Road Map Test of Direction Sense (the "Road Map Test"; J. Money, 1976; J. Money, D. Alexander, & H. T. Walker, 1965) has been thought to be impaired as a function of age, but not dementia. However, spatial rotation in dementia has not been investigated in reference to spatial coordinate systems. Patients with dementia (Alzheimer's and ischemic vascular dementias) and elderly control participants were administered the Road Map Test. The authors analyzed whether the geocentric or egocentric coordinate system determined rotation of Road Map Test turns and predicted impairment in dementia patients. They found equivalent impairment in both types of dementia, greater angulation effect in the geocentric system in patients relative to normal controls, and no egocentric effect. Results also suggest early emergence of spatial rotation deficit in dementia. Spatial rotation is most often associated with working memory, which predicts the correlations found.
方向感路线图测试（“路线图测试”；J. 莫尼，1976年；J. 莫尼、D. 亚历山大和H. T. 沃克，1965年）中所需的心理旋转被认为会随着年龄增长而受损，但与痴呆症无关。然而，尚未参照空间坐标系对痴呆症患者的空间旋转进行研究。对患有痴呆症（阿尔茨海默病和缺血性血管性痴呆）的患者以及老年对照参与者进行了路线图测试。作者分析了地心坐标系或自我中心坐标系是否决定了路线图测试转向的旋转，并预测了痴呆症患者的损伤情况。他们发现，两种类型的痴呆症患者均出现了同等程度的损伤，相对于正常对照组，患者在地心坐标系中的角度效应更大，且不存在自我中心效应。研究结果还表明，痴呆症患者的空间旋转缺陷会较早出现。空间旋转最常与工作记忆相关，这也解释了所发现的相关性。
