den Ouden A L, Drijkoningen C E, Spee-van der Wekke J, Sigmond-de Bruin E M, Verloove-Vanhorick S P
TNO Preventie en Gezondheid, sector Jeugd. Leiden.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1998 Jan 17;142(3):138-42.
To determine health and disabilities of preterm infants at age 10.
Prospective follow-up study.
TNO Preventive en Gezondheid, sector Jeugd. Leiden, the Netherlands.
A questionnaire on medical consumption and physical disabilities was sent to the parents of a Dutch cohort of infants born alive in 1983 with a gestational age < 32 weeks and (or) a birth weight < 1500 g. The data were compared with outcomes at 5 years of age and with a peer group in mainstream education (data collected in a representative sample from the school health care system).
Questionnaires on 75% of the eligible children were returned. Almost 40% of the preterm children had been admitted to hospital after the age of 5. Children in special education were significantly more often treated by a physiotherapist and (or) speech therapist. Overall 45% of the children suffered from a physical disability. This was six times as frequent as in a peer group from the school health survey. Although the assessment of physical disabilities was based on a paediatric examination at age 5 and on a parental questionnaire at age 10, differences were small.
Mild developmental problems and learning disabilities are frequent in preterm infants. Research of preventive methods and timely interventions are needed and should be incorporated in the facilities for neonatal intensive care.
确定10岁早产儿的健康状况和残疾情况。
前瞻性随访研究。
荷兰莱顿TNO预防与健康研究所青少年部。
向1983年出生的荷兰一组胎龄<32周和（或）出生体重<1500g的存活婴儿的父母发送一份关于医疗消费和身体残疾的问卷。将这些数据与5岁时的结果以及主流教育中的同龄组进行比较（数据来自学校医疗保健系统的代表性样本）。
75%符合条件的儿童问卷被返还。近40%的早产儿在5岁后曾住院。接受特殊教育的儿童接受物理治疗师和（或）言语治疗师治疗的频率明显更高。总体而言，45%的儿童存在身体残疾。这是学校健康调查同龄组的6倍。尽管身体残疾的评估基于5岁时的儿科检查和10岁时的家长问卷，但差异很小。
早产儿中轻度发育问题和学习障碍很常见。需要对预防方法和及时干预进行研究，并应纳入新生儿重症监护设施中。
