Hussein I, Kershaw A E, Tahmassebi J F, Fayle S A
Department of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Halifax General Hospital, West Yorkshire, UK.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 1998 Mar;8(1):3-11. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-263x.1998.00055.x.
Amongst the duties of the paediatric dentist is the provision of oral care to patients with the problem of drooling. Many, but certainly not all, of these patients have physical and/or learning disabilities. Various methods have been advocated for the management of drooling in the paediatric patient and older patients with disabilities, including behavioural programmes, biofeedback techniques, physiotherapy, biofunctional oral appliances, medication and surgery. It is of paramount importance that the patients and/or carers understand the advantages and disadvantages of any treatment method being considered. The paediatric dentist has an important role to play in explaining the different options to the patients and carers, and in implementing some treatment modalities, particularly non-surgical approaches. Referral to surgical specialists should be seen as 'a last resort' and suggested only if other treatment methods have been exhausted. If pharmacological or surgical treatment is carried out, careful monitoring for the development of dental caries and other problems is essential. The aim of this paper is to provide the paediatric dentist with concise overall knowledge of the causes of drooling and treatment options available.
儿科牙医的职责之一是为流口水的患者提供口腔护理。这些患者中许多（但肯定不是全部）存在身体和/或学习障碍。针对儿科患者及年长残疾患者的流口水问题，人们提倡了各种管理方法，包括行为方案、生物反馈技术、物理治疗、生物功能性口腔矫治器、药物治疗和手术。患者和/或护理人员了解所考虑的任何治疗方法的优缺点至关重要。儿科牙医在向患者和护理人员解释不同选择以及实施一些治疗方式（特别是非手术方法）方面发挥着重要作用。转介给外科专家应被视为“最后手段”，仅在其他治疗方法均已用尽时才建议。如果进行药物或手术治疗，密切监测龋齿和其他问题的发生情况至关重要。本文旨在为儿科牙医提供有关流口水原因和可用治疗选择的简明综合知识。
