Langhinrichsen-Rohling J, Sanders A, Crane M, Monson C M
Psychology Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 68588-0308, USA.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1998 Spring;28(1):127-42.
Gender and history of suicidality (HS vs. NoHS) were related to current symptoms of depression, reasons for living, and reports of self-destructive and life-threatening behavior in a college student sample. Overall, college men reported engaging in more life-threatening and potentially suicidal behavior than college women on the Life Attitudes Schedule (LAS). No gender effects were obtained on the symptoms of depression and reasons for living measures. Results suggest that the LAS may be a particularly effective way to identify college students at risk for self-destructive and suicidal behavior. As expected, HS individuals were more depressed, had fewer reasons for living, and reported engaging in more current suicidal and life-threatening behavior than NoHS participants. However, gender and history of suicidality were found to interact. NoHS women reported avoiding a variety of injury-producing and health-diminishing behaviors that were common for all other groups of college students. Meanwhile, HS women endorsed fewer current reasons for living than did NoHS women, NoHS men, and NoHS men. These findings were interpreted both with regard to cultural and gender-specific expectations for the expression of self-destructive, suicidal, and life-threatening behavior. Implications for the prevention of college women's and men's suicidal behavior were also noted.
在一个大学生样本中，性别和自杀倾向史（有自杀倾向史与无自杀倾向史）与当前的抑郁症状、生存理由以及自我毁灭和危及生命行为的报告有关。总体而言，在《生活态度量表》（LAS）上，大学男生报告的危及生命和潜在自杀行为比大学女生更多。在抑郁症状和生存理由测量方面未发现性别差异。结果表明，LAS可能是识别有自我毁灭和自杀行为风险的大学生的一种特别有效的方法。正如预期的那样，有自杀倾向史的个体比无自杀倾向史的参与者更抑郁，生存理由更少，并且报告的当前自杀和危及生命行为更多。然而，发现性别和自杀倾向史存在相互作用。无自杀倾向史的女性报告避免了各种对所有其他大学生群体来说都很常见的造成伤害和损害健康的行为。与此同时，有自杀倾向史的女性认可的当前生存理由比无自杀倾向史的女性、无自杀倾向史的男性以及无自杀倾向史的男性都要少。这些发现从文化和特定性别对自我毁灭、自杀和危及生命行为表达的期望方面进行了解释。还指出了对预防大学女生和男生自杀行为的启示。
