Minimizing the risk of penetrating injury to surgical staff in the operating theatre: towards sharp-free surgery.

Conventional surgery carries a significant risk of inadvertent injury to members of the scrub team. Although minor injury is common and usually no more than unpleasant, serious consequences may occur. Modifications in technique together with the application of modern instrumentation may reduce the risks of sharp injury substantially. The techniques and technology available in the conventional open surgery setting are reviewed.