Gächter A
Klinik für Orthopädische Chirurgie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen.
Ther Umsch. 1998 Mar;55(3):184-6.
The classical anterior-inferior dislocation of the shoulder is diagnosed easily by clinical examination and x-ray. The additional lesions like impression fracture at the humerus, avulsion of the anterior rim of the glenoid, lesions of the rotator cuff or neurologic deficits are more difficult to realise. In young patients the redislocation rate is rather high. Indication for surgery is still on debate. Modern diagnostic tools will help to determine additional lesions. More problems are incountered in presence of a posterior dislocation. Those are often overlooked.
典型的肩关节前下脱位通过临床检查和X线检查很容易诊断。像肱骨压痕骨折、肩胛盂前缘撕脱、肩袖损伤或神经功能缺损等附加损伤则更难发现。在年轻患者中，再脱位率相当高。手术适应症仍存在争议。现代诊断工具将有助于确定附加损伤。后脱位时会遇到更多问题，这些问题常常被忽视。
