van Doornen L J, Snieder H, Boomsma D I
Department of Health Psychology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Biol Psychol. 1998 Mar;47(3):279-97. doi: 10.1016/s0301-0511(97)00029-x.
Several studies have reported an association between serum lipid levels and cardiovascular reactivity to laboratory stressors. Their findings, however, are equivocal. The inconsistencies may be due to shortcomings such as the small number of subjects, the inclusion of patient groups, no control for medication, and no control for age effects. Two studies are presented investigating the relationship in large groups of adolescent and middle-aged males and females. Cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL were measured. Subjects were exposed to mental stressors, and in one study also to a cold pressor test. In addition to heart rate and blood pressure, in one study impedance cardiography was used to measure pre-ejection period, stroke volume and total peripheral resistance. Canonical correlation analysis suggested an association between triglycerides and decreased cardiac reactivity to mental stressors in middle-aged females. Trends in the same direction were found in both middle-aged males and females with respect to reactivity to the cold pressor. These associations, however, were not confirmed when the extreme deciles of the triglyceride distributions were compared with respect to stress reactivity. The fact that associations were completely absent in youngsters but sometimes showed up in older persons suggested an age dependency of the association. In post hoc analyses, indeed, some evidence was found for stronger cardiac responsivity being associated with cholesterol specifically in relatively older males. In females, in contrast to this, the association between triglycerides and cardiac responsivity was stronger in the younger group. More detailed measurement techniques, of specifically vascular processes, may be needed to explore further the effects of sex and age on the association between lipids and stress reactivity.
多项研究报告了血清脂质水平与实验室应激源引起的心血管反应性之间的关联。然而，他们的研究结果并不明确。这些不一致可能是由于样本量小、纳入患者群体、未控制药物使用以及未控制年龄效应等缺点所致。本文介绍两项针对大量青少年和中年男性及女性群体进行的关系研究。测量了胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白。受试者暴露于精神应激源，在一项研究中还进行了冷加压试验。除了心率和血压外，在一项研究中还使用阻抗心动图来测量射血前期、每搏输出量和总外周阻力。典型相关分析表明，甘油三酯与中年女性对精神应激源的心脏反应性降低之间存在关联。在中年男性和女性中，对于冷加压试验的反应也发现了相同方向的趋势。然而，当比较甘油三酯分布的极端十分位数的应激反应性时，这些关联并未得到证实。年轻人中完全不存在关联而有时在老年人中出现这一事实表明该关联存在年龄依赖性。在事后分析中，确实发现一些证据表明，特别是在相对年长的男性中，较强的心脏反应性与胆固醇有关。相比之下，在女性中，甘油三酯与心脏反应性之间的关联在较年轻组中更强。可能需要更详细的测量技术，特别是针对血管过程的技术，以进一步探索性别和年龄对脂质与应激反应性之间关联的影响。
