MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1998 Apr 10;47(13):257-61.
Since 1979, suicide and homicide have alternated as the second and third leading causes of death among young American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs). From 1979 through 1992, suicide rates for AI/ANs in all age groups were approximately 1.5 times the rates for the overall U.S. population. During 1991-1993, suicide rates for AI/ANs aged 15-24 and 25-34 years were 31.7 and 26.6 per 100,000 population, respectively; males aged 15-34 years accounted for 64% of all AI/AN suicides. In the overall U.S. population during 1991-1993, the rates for persons in these same age groups were 13.0 and 14.5, respectively. Since 1980, suicide has been either the second or third leading cause of death for persons aged 15-24 years in the overall U.S. population. Although knowledge about suicide among AI/ANs has increased, information about the efficacy of suicide prevention and intervention programs in general, and specifically in AI/AN communities, is scarce. In January 1990, following concern raised by tribal officials in 1988 about suicide among youth, a Western Athabaskan tribe in rural New Mexico implemented a suicide prevention and intervention program that targeted tribal members aged 15-19 years. This report summarizes the results of the program through 1997 and indicates that rates of suicide and attempted suicide among this target population decreased substantially after the program was implemented.
自1979年以来，自杀和他杀在美国印第安青年和阿拉斯加原住民（AI/ANs）中交替成为第二和第三大死因。从1979年到1992年，所有年龄组的AI/ANs自杀率约为美国总人口自杀率的1.5倍。在1991 - 1993年期间，15 - 24岁和25 - 34岁的AI/ANs自杀率分别为每10万人31.7人和26.6人；15 - 34岁的男性占所有AI/ANs自杀人数的64%。在1991 - 1993年的美国总人口中，相同年龄组的自杀率分别为13.0人和14.5人。自1980年以来，自杀一直是美国15 - 24岁人群的第二或第三大死因。尽管对AI/ANs自杀的了解有所增加，但关于自杀预防和干预项目总体效果的信息，尤其是在AI/AN社区的信息却很匮乏。1990年1月，在部落官员于1988年对青年自杀问题表示关注之后，新墨西哥州农村的一个西部阿萨巴斯卡部落实施了一项针对15 - 19岁部落成员的自杀预防和干预项目。本报告总结了该项目截至1997年的结果，表明该目标人群的自杀率和自杀未遂率在项目实施后大幅下降。
