Course of acute affective disorders in a developing country setting.

This report on the Chandigarh Acute Psychosis Study examines the early course of affective disorders of acute onset in a developing country setting. Forty-one cases of acute onset affective disorder (17 depressive and 24 manic subjects) were assessed at intake and evaluated at selected intervals up to 1 year. The rates of recovery and relapse and episode duration were determined for both the depressive and manic groups, and the relationship between possible predictors of outcome and the duration of the index episode was examined. All subjects experienced full recovery within the 1-year period. At 1-year follow-up, 71% of depressive patients and 75% of manic patients demonstrated no symptoms or social impairment. For depression and mania, respectively, the mean episode duration was 14.2 and 10.2 weeks, and the rate of relapse was 18% and 21%. Overall, these outcomes are considerably more favorable than in comparable studies of affective disorders in developed settings. Our findings suggest that acuteness of onset may be a major prognostic factor in predicting the course of affective disorders.