Khatibzadeh M, Sheikhzadeh A, Gromoll B, Stierle U
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lübeck, Germany.
Cardiology. 1998 Mar;89(3):235-40. doi: 10.1159/000006793.
Ulcers in extracranial carotid arteries are a known source of cerebral embolism. However, there are no data available on the prevalence of ulcerations located at the origin of these vessels in the aortic arch. Therefore, in this pathological study the topographic distribution of ulcerated lesions were determined in these arteries. One hundred and one consecutively autopsied patients composed the study group. Ulcerated plaques were sought for in both carotid arteries, from their origin in the arch up to the carotid canal, and also in the aortic arch and ascending aorta. The two anatomical sites mostly affected by atherosclerosis were the region of the carotid sinus and the orifices of cervical arteries in the aortic arch. More than one third of all ulcers were at the orifices of cervical arteries in the arch. Interestingly, ulcers at the orifice of the left common carotid artery in the arch were accompanied with other ulcers located elsewhere in the remaining segments of the left carotid system, whereas ulcerations at the orifice of brachiocephalic trunk were not accompanied with other concomitant lesions in the right carotid system. Furthermore, there was no symmetric distribution of ulcerated plaques in both carotid systems.
颅外颈动脉溃疡是已知的脑栓塞来源。然而，目前尚无关于主动脉弓中这些血管起源处溃疡患病率的数据。因此，在这项病理学研究中，确定了这些动脉中溃疡病变的地形分布。连续101例尸检患者组成了研究组。在双侧颈动脉中寻找溃疡斑块，从其在弓部的起源直至颈动脉管，同时也在主动脉弓和升主动脉中寻找。动脉粥样硬化最常累及的两个解剖部位是颈动脉窦区域和主动脉弓中颈动脉的开口处。所有溃疡中超过三分之一位于弓部颈动脉的开口处。有趣的是，弓部左颈总动脉开口处的溃疡伴有左颈动脉系统其余节段其他部位的溃疡，而头臂干开口处的溃疡在右颈动脉系统中未伴有其他伴随病变。此外，双侧颈动脉系统中溃疡斑块不存在对称分布。
