Rauschecker J P
Georgetown Institute for Cognitive and Computational Sciences Washington, DC 20007, USA.
Audiol Neurootol. 1998 Mar-Jun;3(2-3):86-103. doi: 10.1159/000013784.
Evidence from anatomical tracer studies as well as lesions of the primary auditory cortex (AI) indicate that the principal relay nucleus of the auditory thalamus, the ventral part of the medial geniculate (MGv), projects in parallel to AI and the rostral area on the supratemporal plane of the macaque monkey. The caudomedial area, by contrast, receives input from MGv only indirectly via AI, and neurons in this area are often tuned to the spatial location of a complex sound. The belt areas on the lateral surface of the superior temporal gyrus receive input from the primary areas. Neurons in these areas respond better to more complex stimuli, such as band-pass noise pulses of frequency-modulated sweeps, than to pure tones. Often neurons in the lateral belt respond well to species-specific communication calls. The hypothesis is put forward that the central auditory pathways in the macaque monkey are organized into parallel streams, similar to the visual system, one for the processing of spatial information, the other for the processing of auditory "patterns". Evidence from neuroimaging studies in humans with MRI and PET are consistent with this hypothesis. Virtual auditory space stimuli lead to selective activation of an inferior parietal region, whereas speech-like stimuli activate superior temporal regions.
来自解剖学示踪研究以及初级听觉皮层（AI）损伤的证据表明，听觉丘脑的主要中继核——内侧膝状体腹侧部（MGv），并行投射至猕猴颞上平面的AI和嘴侧区域。相比之下，尾内侧区域仅通过AI间接接收来自MGv的输入，且该区域的神经元通常对复杂声音的空间位置进行调谐。颞上回外侧表面的带状区域接收来自初级区域的输入。这些区域的神经元对更复杂的刺激（如调频扫描的带通噪声脉冲）的反应比对纯音的反应更好。外侧带的神经元通常对物种特异性通讯叫声反应良好。有人提出这样的假说，即猕猴的中枢听觉通路被组织成平行的信息流，类似于视觉系统，一个用于处理空间信息，另一个用于处理听觉“模式”。来自人类MRI和PET神经影像学研究的证据与这一假说一致。虚拟听觉空间刺激会导致顶下区域的选择性激活，而类语音刺激会激活颞上区域。
