Heir T
Institute of Military Issues, Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, Oslo, Norway.
Mil Med. 1998 Apr;163(4):229-33.
This study attempts to map the incidence and types of musculoskeletal injury during officer training. Officer cadets from three training schools (N = 321) were monitored through a 1-year training course. A total of 278 injuries were sustained by 194 of the 321 cadets (60%). The incidence was highest during an introductory 5- or 6-week period of intensive basic training. During this period, rates at various training schools ranged from 26.7 to 45.5 injuries per 100 cadet-months, which was five to nine times higher than during the rest of the year. The most common types of injury were overuse knee injuries, periostitis or compartment syndromes, Achilles tendinitis, and sprains of joint capsules or ligaments. Women and older cadets sustained more injuries than their respective male (p = 0.02) or younger (p = 0.02) counterparts. The study shows that musculoskeletal injuries occur frequently during officer training, especially during the first weeks. Recommendations for injury prevention include a more gentle start with slower progression in strain, slow introduction of combat boots, and differentiation of strain according to individual risk factors such as age and gender.
本研究试图描绘军官培训期间肌肉骨骼损伤的发生率及类型。对来自三所培训学校的321名学员（N = 321）进行了为期1年的培训课程监测。321名学员中有194人（60%）共遭受了278次损伤。在为期5或6周的强化基础训练入门阶段，损伤发生率最高。在此期间，各培训学校的发生率为每100名学员月26.7至45.5次损伤，这比一年中的其他时间高出五至九倍。最常见的损伤类型为过度使用导致的膝盖损伤、骨膜炎或骨筋膜室综合征、跟腱炎以及关节囊或韧带扭伤。女性学员和年龄较大的学员比各自的男性学员（p = 0.02）或年轻学员（p = 0.02）遭受的损伤更多。该研究表明，肌肉骨骼损伤在军官培训期间频繁发生，尤其是在最初几周。预防损伤的建议包括更温和地开始，逐渐增加训练强度，缓慢引入作战靴，并根据年龄和性别等个体风险因素区分训练强度。
