Maciel M H, Marziale M H
Departamento de Enfermagem Geral e Especializada, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, USP.
Rev Esc Enferm USP. 1997 Dec;31(3):368-86. doi: 10.1590/s0080-62341997000300002.
The computer usage has become essential nowadays and the Nursing staff meeting this technological improvement has been assimilating it in practice, which is started in Graduation course. As users of the computer division from a Nursing School we have observed students' complaints related to adequacy of the furniture used, then, we were interested in developing this research which has as object to analyze the furniture from the computer division according to the ergonomic recommendations and identify body posture adopted by the students in typing activity. The procedures used were performed in three stages, which were: free supervision of environment and furniture measure, surveillance of body posture and interviews. The results pointed out that the furniture is inappropriate referring to: fixed counter without foot support, without document case; chairs are not regulative, back support width out of recommended standards, there are no armrest and wheels, there are only four legs and the covering is slimy and stiff. Only in 18.6% of the observation period the students adopted to perfect posture in typing activity, that is, upright spinal column, elbows at the same level of the counter, deflected legs and supported feet. It is suggested that the workplace be planned for typing from known facts related to anthropometric dimension of the users and use of proper furniture in order to obtain a concordant set among furniture, milieu and user providing comfort and avoiding health problems.
如今，计算机的使用已变得至关重要，而护理人员为适应这一技术进步，已在实践中逐渐采用它，这一过程始于毕业课程。作为一所护理学校计算机部门的使用者，我们观察到学生们对所使用家具的适用性提出了抱怨。因此，我们有兴趣开展这项研究，其目的是根据人体工程学建议分析计算机部门的家具，并确定学生在打字活动中所采用的身体姿势。所采用的程序分三个阶段进行，即：对环境和家具尺寸进行自由监督、监测身体姿势以及进行访谈。结果指出，这些家具存在以下不合适之处：固定柜台没有脚部支撑，没有文件箱；椅子不可调节，靠背支撑宽度超出推荐标准，没有扶手和轮子，只有四条腿，而且椅面粘腻僵硬。在观察期内，只有18.6%的学生在打字活动中采用了完美姿势，即脊柱挺直、肘部与柜台处于同一水平、双腿弯曲且双脚着地。建议根据与使用者人体测量尺寸相关的已知事实来规划打字工作场所，并使用合适的家具，以便在家具、环境和使用者之间形成协调一致的组合，提供舒适感并避免健康问题。
